The word "lepidomelane" (/ˌlɛpɪdəˈmiːleɪn/) is a mineralogical term that refers to a type of black, shiny, and brittle mica. Its spelling may seem confusing at first, but it follows a common pattern in the English language. The prefix "lepid-" comes from the Greek word for "scale," indicating the mineral's flaky texture, while "melane" means "black." Thus, the spelling of "lepidomelane" reflects its etymology and is pronounced as /le-pi-duh-me-layn/.
Lepidomelane is a mineral that belongs to the amphibole group, which are silicate minerals that typically form elongated, prismatic crystals. It is specifically classified as a ferroan variety of the mineral biotite, which is a common form of mica. Lepidomelane is characterized by its black to dark brown color and commonly exhibits a metallic luster.
This mineral has a complex chemical composition, with a general formula of (K,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)_3(Si,Al)_4O_10(OH,F)_2. The presence of iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg) in its composition gives lepidomelane its dark coloration. It often forms in metamorphic rocks, particularly in association with iron-rich minerals such as magnetite.
Lepidomelane tends to display excellent cleavage, meaning it breaks along smooth planes, and it exhibits a black to dark brown streak when scratched on a surface. Its hardness is typically 2.5-3 on the Mohs scale, which means it is relatively soft compared to many other minerals.
In terms of its potential applications, lepidomelane is primarily valued as a mineral specimen for collectors due to its distinct color and lustrous appearance. Its metallic sheen can offer aesthetic appeal when incorporated into jewelry or displayed as part of a mineral collection. However, it does not hold significant industrial or commercial uses due to its relatively low hardness and abundance of other more economically valuable minerals.
A variety of mica of a raven-black colour, usually found in granitic veins in small six-sided tables, or an aggregation of minute opaque scales.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "lepidomelane" is derived from Greek. It is a combination of two Greek words: "lepis" meaning "scale" or "flake", and "melanos" meaning "black". Hence, "lepidomelane" translates to "black scales" or "black flakes". This name is often used for a mineral that is a variety of biotite, a black mica mineral.