Legal malpractice is a term used to describe the failure of a lawyer to adhere to the standard of care in their profession, resulting in harm to the client. The word is spelled [ˈliːɡl mælˈpræktɪs] in IPA phonetic transcription, with emphasis on the first syllable of "legal" and the second syllable of "malpractice". The "prac" in "malpractice" is pronounced with a short "a" sound, like "cat", and the final "tice" is pronounced like "chis" with a soft "s".
Legal malpractice refers to the professional negligence or misconduct committed by a lawyer or attorney, arising from a breach of their duty of care towards their clients. It occurs when an attorney fails to exercise the level of skill, diligence, and competency that is expected in representing a client's legal matters.
This form of malpractice typically encompasses a wide range of negligent actions or omissions by the lawyer, including errors in judgment, inadequate legal research, failure to meet deadlines, failure to recognize or act upon legal issues, failure to advise a client appropriately, conflicts of interest, and other ethical violations. Legal malpractice can occur in any phase of the attorney-client relationship, from the initial consultation to trial or even during an appeal process.
For a legal malpractice claim to be valid, several elements must be established. Firstly, it must be demonstrated that an attorney-client relationship existed between the parties involved. Secondly, the lawyer's actions or inactions must have fallen below the accepted standard of care within the legal profession. Thirdly, the client must have suffered harm or damages as a direct result of the attorney's negligence or misconduct. Lastly, it must be proven that the lawyer's negligence was the direct cause of the client's damages, as opposed to other factors or circumstances.
Legal malpractice claims can result in various consequences, including financial compensation for the client's losses, the filing of a complaint with the appropriate legal authorities, disciplinary actions against the attorney, and potential damage to the lawyer's professional reputation.
The word "legal" comes from the Latin word "legalis", which means "of or pertaining to the law". It is derived from the Latin word "lex", meaning "law".
The word "malpractice" originated from the Latin term "malus", which means "bad" or "evil", and "praxis", meaning "action" or "practice". It is commonly used to describe a negligent or improper conduct in a professional or legal context.
When combined, "legal malpractice" refers to the act of professional negligence or misconduct by an attorney or lawyer, particularly when they fail to provide competent legal representation or breach their fiduciary duty towards clients.