The Later Three Kingdoms of Korea refer to a historical period in Korea that spanned from the late 9th century to the late 10th century. It followed the Unified Silla Dynasty and preceded the Goryeo Dynasty. This era is characterized by the presence of three powerful kingdoms, namely Silla, Balhae, and Later Goguryeo.
Silla, located in the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula, was the dominant kingdom during the earlier period. However, internal strife and conflicts between powerful families weakened the kingdom, leading to its collapse. This power vacuum allowed for the rise of the other two kingdoms.
Balhae, established by the remnants of the fallen Goguryeo kingdom, existed in the northern region along the borders of modern-day China and Russia. It served as a political and cultural counterpart to the other kingdoms, often engaging in military conflicts to protect its territories from external threats.
Later Goguryeo, located in the central portion of the peninsula, was formed by the people who resisted Silla's rule after the collapse of the unified state. The kingdom played a pivotal role in shaping the political landscape and often negotiated with Silla and Balhae to maintain its independence.
Although the Later Three Kingdoms were politically fragmented, they shared common cultural and linguistic roots. Despite their efforts, they eventually succumbed to military pressure from neighboring powers, leading to the establishment of the Goryeo Dynasty in 918 CE.
