The last glacial period, often referred to as the "last ice age," is a geological epoch that occurred approximately 110,000 to 12,000 years ago. It was the most recent period in Earth's history where the climate was characterized by vast ice sheets and noticeably colder temperatures compared to the present day.
During this period, large portions of the Earth's surface were blanketed by glaciers, resulting in significant changes to the landscape, including the formation of continental ice sheets and alpine glaciers. The last glacial period had a profound impact on the Earth's ecosystems, shaping vegetation patterns, altering river courses, and impacting the distribution of various animal species.
This period was marked by cyclical shifts in climate known as glacial and interglacial periods. Glacial periods were characterized by relatively colder temperatures and expanding ice sheets, while interglacial periods experienced warmer temperatures, causing the retreat of ice and the establishment of more temperate conditions.
The last glacial period came to an end around 12,000 years ago, as temperatures gradually began to rise, leading to the melting of the ice sheets. This process resulted in widespread sea-level rise, the reestablishment of more moderate climates, and the beginning of the current interglacial period, known as the Holocene.
The study of the last glacial period provides valuable insights into understanding climate dynamics, paleoenvironmental conditions, and the impact of ice on Earth's systems, helping researchers better comprehend the long-term changes the planet has undergone.
