Lachrymatory gas, also known as tear gas or lachrymator, refers to a chemical substance that is commonly used for riot control and crowd suppression purposes. This cloud-forming gas, when released, causes severe irritation to the eyes, nose, throat, and respiratory system, resulting in uncontrollable lacrimation or profuse tearing and intense discomfort.
The origin of the term "lachrymatory" can be traced back to the Latin word "lacrima," meaning tear or crying. Lachrymatory gas primarily consists of a group of chemical compounds known as irritants, irritant gases, or riot control agents, including chloroacetophenone (CN), chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS), and chloropicrin (PS). These substances possess strong irritant properties and prompt an array of physiological responses upon exposure.
When deployed, lachrymatory gas targets the mucous membranes and sensory receptors in the eyes, nose, and mouth, leading to a burning sensation, increased tear production, nasal irritation, coughing, and difficulty in breathing. Moreover, it can also cause temporary blindness and disorientation, impairing vision and reducing the ability to escape from the affected area.
Lachrymatory gas is widely used by law enforcement agencies and military forces around the world for its non-lethal nature in controlling unruly crowds and dispersing protesters. However, its use has sparked debates regarding human rights violations, as exposure to this gas can cause significant discomfort and potential health risks, particularly for individuals with respiratory conditions or compromised immune systems.
Overall, lachrymatory gas serves as a powerful chemical agent used to induce temporary incapacitation and riot control, but its effects require careful consideration and regulation to
