Kwashiorkor is a noun that refers to a severe form of malnutrition predominantly affecting young children, typically between the ages of 1 and 5 years old, who have a diet lacking in protein. This condition is commonly seen in developing countries where diets predominantly consist of starchy foods and little to no protein-rich foods.
The term "kwashiorkor" originated from the Ga language, spoken in Ghana, West Africa, and it means "the sickness the infant gets when the new baby comes." This reflects the fact that it often occurs when a new sibling is born and the affected child's food intake is reduced due to competition within the family.
Symptoms of kwashiorkor include edema (swelling of the ankles, feet, and abdomen), skin discoloration and changes, fatigue, loss of appetite, and impaired growth and development. The body's response to protein deficiency leads to changes in the distribution of fluids and electrolytes, which contribute to the edema observed in affected individuals.
Kwashiorkor can have long-lasting effects on a child's physical and mental development, as the lack of protein impacts the overall growth and functioning of various bodily organs and tissues. Immediate medical intervention and a well-balanced diet, high in protein and essential nutrients, are crucial for treating and preventing further complications associated with kwashiorkor.
In conclusion, kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition in young children resulting from a protein-deficient diet, characterized by symptoms such as edema, skin changes, fatigue, and impaired growth.
