KUTTAM POKUNA Meaning and
Definition
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Kuttam Pokuna is a term derived from the Sinhalese language, which refers to a unique architectural feature found in ancient Sri Lankan monastic complexes. Literally meaning "twin ponds" or "twin bathing tanks," Kuttam Pokuna represents a pair of symmetrical, rectangular-shaped ponds or pools built side by side within the premises.
These pools are commonly constructed using stone masonry, exhibiting excellent craftsmanship of the ancient builders. Each Kuttam Pokuna consists of two sections, namely the smaller pond known as the "Kuttam," which acts as an inlet, and the larger pond called the "Pokuna," which serves as the main bathing area.
The primary function of Kuttam Pokuna was to provide a hygienic place for Buddhist monks to engage in regular ceremonial bathing, emphasizing cleanliness and purification rituals important in their way of life. These ponds were designed with well-planned water circulation systems that allowed fresh and clean water to flow in and out, maintaining cleanliness at all times.
Apart from their functional purposes, Kuttam Pokuna also hold significant aesthetic value, contributing to the overall architectural grandeur of the monastic complexes. The symmetrical ponds often feature elaborate stone carvings, steps, and fountains, showcasing the artistic skills and creativity of the ancient Sri Lankan craftsmen.
Today, Kuttam Pokuna not only serve as historical marvels and tourist attractions but also stand as a testament to the advanced hydraulic and architectural techniques employed by ancient Sri Lankans, highlighting their engineering prowess and the value they placed on communal bathing and cleanliness.
Etymology of KUTTAM POKUNA
The phrase "kuttam pokuna" is derived from the Sinhalese language, which is the official language of Sri Lanka. In Sinhalese, "kuttam" means bathing or pond, and "pokuna" means cut or excavated. Therefore, "kuttam pokuna" refers to a cut or excavated bathing pond. This term is commonly used to describe ancient and medieval irrigation tanks or ponds that were specifically built for bathing purposes in Sri Lanka.
