The Kniffin system, also known as the Umbrella Kniffin, is a training and trellising technique used in grape cultivation. Developed by George Kniffin, an American horticulturalist in the early 1900s, this system is widely used today for its simplicity and effectiveness in managing grapevines.
In the Kniffin system, the vines are trained to grow vertically along a series of wires or a single wire in a "T" shape. The vertical training allows for better light exposure and air circulation, which promotes healthier vine growth and helps prevent diseases. It also helps in maximizing space utilization in vineyards.
The main components of the Kniffin system are the trunk or the cordon, the arms, and the fruiting canes. The trunk is the main stem of the vine, while the arms extend horizontally from the trunk, supporting the fruiting canes. The fruiting canes, usually two or four per vine, are selected based on their quality and productivity to ensure optimal grape production.
This system enables easy access to the vines for pruning, spraying, and harvesting, as the fruiting canes are neatly arranged along the wires. It also allows for good air circulation, reducing the risk of fungal diseases that thrive in humid conditions. As the grapes grow, they are supported by the cane and trellis, preventing damage or breakage from the weight of the fruit.
Overall, the Kniffin system is a highly efficient and effective technique for managing grapevines, providing improved yield, better fruiting, and ease of management in grape cultivation.
