KLH is an acronym that stands for Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin. It refers to a large, oxygen-carrying protein molecule found in the hemolymph (blood) of keyhole limpets, marine gastropod mollusks belonging to the family Fissurellidae.
Keyhole limpets are known for producing this unique protein, which can be extracted and used for various biomedical purposes. KLH is primarily used as an immune stimulant and carrier for vaccines in immunotherapy and medical research. It is an important component in the development of vaccines for certain cancers and infectious diseases.
The protein structure of KLH, unlike most mammalian blood proteins, consists of multiple subunits that form a very large molecule. This unique composition makes KLH highly antigenic (capable of provoking an immune response) and thus an effective immunological agent. When introduced into the human body, KLH stimulates the immune system, triggering the production of antibodies against it. This immune response can aid in treating cancer by targeting and destroying malignant cells or in developing immunity against specific infectious agents.
KLH-based vaccines have been widely used in clinical trials and are being studied for their potential in treating various types of cancer, including melanoma, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. Additionally, KLH has shown promise as an adjuvant in vaccines against viral and bacterial infections.
In summary, KLH is a protein derived from keyhole limpets that is used to stimulate immune responses and as a carrier for vaccines. Its unique structure and immunogenicity make it valuable in immunotherapy and medical research.
