The Kingdom of Greece refers to a historical political entity which existed from 1832 to 1973. It originated as a result of the Greek War of Independence in 1821 against the Ottoman Empire, which saw Greece gain its independence. The Kingdom of Greece was established under the London Protocol of 1830 and later recognized internationally through the Treaty of Constantinople in 1832.
The Kingdom of Greece was a constitutional monarchy, whereby the country was ruled by a King as the head of state. The first King of Greece was Otto of Bavaria, who reigned until 1862, when he was ousted following a revolt. Subsequently, a new royal dynasty, the House of Glücksburg, came to power, and King George I emerged as the ruler.
Throughout its existence, the Kingdom of Greece underwent political, territorial, and social transformations, including the First and Second Balkan Wars and World Wars I and II. Nevertheless, it played an integral role in the geopolitical landscape, significantly impacting the Mediterranean region.
In 1973, the Kingdom of Greece ceased to exist as a result of the abolition of the Greek monarchy and the establishment of a republic through a democratic referendum. Modern-day Greece, known as the Hellenic Republic, emerged in its place, marking a new era in Greek history.
