Kantian ethics (/'kæntiən 'ɛθɪks/) refers to the ethical theory developed by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant. The word "Kantian" is spelled with a "K" because it is the proper name of the philosopher, and it is pronounced with a /k/ sound. The stress in the word is on the first syllable, which is pronounced as /'kæn/. The word "ethics" is spelled with an "e" before the "th" because it comes from the Greek word "ethos," which means "character" or "custom," and it is pronounced with a /ɛ/ sound before the "th."
Kantian ethics, also known as deontological ethics or Kantian deontology, is a moral theory developed by the renowned philosopher Immanuel Kant. It is based on the idea that the morality of an action is determined by its adherence to universal moral principles, rather than solely relying on the consequences or outcomes of the action.
According to Kantian ethics, moral duties are grounded in reason and the categorical imperative, which is a foundational principle that must be followed universally by rational beings. The categorical imperative holds that individuals should act based on principles that they would also be willing to have universally applied. In other words, one should only act in a way that they would want everyone else to act. For example, lying is considered morally wrong under Kantian ethics because if everyone were to lie, trust and communication would break down.
Kantian ethics places a strong emphasis on the inherent worth and dignity of all individuals, maintaining that each person has intrinsic value and should be treated as an end in themselves, rather than a means to an end. This means that individuals should not be used or exploited for personal gain or treated merely as tools.
In summary, Kantian ethics is a moral theory that emphasizes the importance of universal moral principles and the rationality behind them. It focuses on duty and emphasizes treating individuals with respect and dignity, observing principles that one would will to be universally followed.
The word "Kantian ethics" derives its etymology from the philosopher Immanuel Kant, who developed a systematic ethical theory known as Kantian ethics. Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) was a German philosopher and one of the most influential thinkers in Western philosophy. Kantian ethics focused on the notion of moral duty and emphasized rationality, autonomy, and the categorical imperative as the foundation of ethical decision-making. Through his works, particularly "Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals" and "Critique of Practical Reason", Kant outlined his ethical framework and principles. As a result, the term "Kantian ethics" came to be used to describe this specific ethical theory developed by Immanuel Kant.