The spelling of the word "joss house" is pronounced /dʒɒs haʊs/. The word "joss" refers to a Chinese deity or a representation of a deity. "House" is a common English word for a structure that people live in. The term "joss house" is used to describe a Chinese temple or shrine where worship and offerings are made to various gods and goddesses. Despite its simplicity, the spelling and pronunciation of "joss house" often cause confusion among non-speakers of Chinese due to the unique sounds that characterize the Chinese language.
A joss house refers to a type of Chinese temple or shrine that is primarily dedicated to the worship of Chinese deities and ancestors. This term is particularly used in English-speaking countries, most notably North America and Australia, to describe these places of worship which were established predominantly by Chinese immigrants. The term "joss" is derived from the Portuguese word “de os” which means "god" or "divine". A joss house typically functions as a religious and cultural center for the Chinese community, serving as a gathering place for rituals, ceremonies, and social activities related to Chinese religious practices.
Joss houses often exhibit unique architectural and stylistic features that reflect traditional Chinese culture and aesthetics. They are usually adorned with ornate decorations, vividly colored carvings, and intricate symbolism, serving as physical embodiments of the spiritual realm. The main deity or deities worshipped in a joss house can vary, but often include figures from Daoism, Buddhism, and various folk religions popular in China.
In addition to its religious significance, a joss house can also serve as a community center, providing support and resources for the local Chinese population. It may offer assistance to new immigrants, host festivals and events, and provide spaces for cultural activities such as martial arts, music, and dance.
Overall, a joss house is not only a place of religious worship but also a symbol of cultural identity and heritage for Chinese communities around the world.
The word "joss house" is of Chinese origin. It is derived from the Chinese term "zhǔmiào" (主廟), which translates to "main temple" or "ancestral temple". "Zhǔ" means "main" or "principal", and "miào" means "temple". In English, "zhǔmiào" became "joss house" through a combination of mispronunciation and misinterpretation by Westerners during the 19th and early 20th centuries when the term was first introduced to the English language. "Joss" is a pejorative term used to refer to Chinese deities or idols, often associated with superstition in the Western world at that time. Therefore, "joss house" is a somewhat derogatory term used by English speakers to refer to Chinese temples or places of worship.