Joseph Franklin Rutherford (1869-1942) was an influential religious leader and lawyer who served as the second President of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, now known as Jehovah's Witnesses, from 1917 until his death in 1942. Rutherford is best known for his significant role in shaping and expanding the beliefs and practices of Jehovah's Witnesses during a critical period of growth.
Born in Missouri, Rutherford initially worked as a lawyer specializing in corporate and property law. His involvement with the International Bible Students Association, the precursor to Jehovah's Witnesses, began in the early 1900s. He quickly rose through the ranks of the organization, displaying strong organizational and leadership skills. After the death of Charles Taze Russell, the founder of the Bible Students, Rutherford assumed the presidency of the movement.
Under Rutherford's leadership, the organization underwent significant transformations. He introduced a range of doctrinal changes and organizational reforms that distinguished Jehovah's Witnesses from other Christian denominations. Rutherford emphasized the importance of preaching and distributing literature, which led to substantial growth in membership. He also championed the idea of theocratic government within the organization, establishing a hierarchical leadership structure.
Rutherford's tenure was marked by legal battles for the freedom of Jehovah's Witnesses, as their non-participation in patriotic activities brought them into conflict with governments during times of war and political unrest. Despite facing imprisonment and persecution, Rutherford stood firm in his convictions, advocating for civil liberties and religious freedom.
Rutherford's writings, including books such as "The Harp of God" and "Millions Now Living Will Never Die," continue to shape the beliefs and practices of Jehovah's Witnesses today. His impact on the organization he led is widely recognized, and he is considered a significant figure in the history
