Correct spelling for the English word "jester" is [d͡ʒˈɛstə], [dʒˈɛstə], [dʒ_ˈɛ_s_t_ə] (IPA phonetic alphabet).
A jester refers to a humorous entertainer, often found in medieval courts, who's specifically trained to amuse the royalty and their guests through comedic performances. Typically known for their wit, cleverness, and skill in improvisation, jesters entertain others by employing various comical elements such as jokes, slapstick humor, mimicry, acrobatics, and satirical commentaries on social and political matters. Their primary role is to provide light-hearted entertainment, thus diffusing tensions and creating an atmosphere of laughter and enjoyment within the court.
Jesters, also known as fools or clowns, possess a unique talent for defying societal conventions and expectations, allowing them to openly comment on issues that others dare not discuss. They frequently approach sensitive topics using satire, irony, and absurdity, thereby challenging the authority, norms, and values of the ruling class. However, despite their irreverent nature, jesters are protected by their position, as their critiques are often accepted as entertainment rather than genuine dissent.
Beyond their role as court entertainers, jesters have also become symbolic figures in literature and theater. They are often portrayed as colorful characters wearing distinctive clothing, including conical hats with bells and motley attire. In fictional works, jesters are sometimes endowed with mystical or magical abilities, serving as advisors, tricksters, or even catalysts for significant plot developments. Over time, jesters have transformed from mere court jesters to important archetypes, embodying the power of humor and satire in challenging authority and social norms.
One given to merriment and pranks; a buffoon; a merry-andrew.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
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The word "jester" originated from the Middle English term "gestour", which ultimately derived from Old French "g(i)ester" meaning "minstrel" or "juggler". This Old French term can be traced back to the Latin word "gestus", which translates to "act", "action", or "performance". Over time, "gestour" evolved into "jester" and came to refer specifically to a professional entertainer who amused audiences with jests, jokes, and comical performances, often in the courts of kings and nobles during the medieval period.