JEAN BAPTISTE DE LAMARCK Meaning and
Definition
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Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) was a French biologist, often regarded as one of the pioneers of evolutionary theory, especially for his theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics.
Lamarck promoted the idea that species evolve and adapt to their environment through a process of gradual change over time. He suggested that organisms have an innate desire to improve themselves, driving them to develop new characteristics or modify existing ones to better suit their needs. Lamarck argued that these acquired traits could be passed on to future generations, leading to the development of new species.
According to Lamarck, the mechanism behind this inheritance of acquired characteristics was the use and disuse of organs. He believed that the constant use of a body part would cause it to become stronger, while the lack of use would cause it to degenerate. These changes would then be transmitted to offspring, resulting in species' transformation over generations.
Although Lamarck's theory was influential during his time, it has since been largely discredited in light of more comprehensive evolutionary theories, such as Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection. Lamarck's ideas are considered to be an important steppingstone in the development of evolutionary thought, highlighting the importance of adaptation and the role of environmental factors in shaping species.
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