The Japanese Lacquer Tree, scientifically known as Toxicodendron vernicifluum, is a deciduous tree native to East Asia, primarily found in Japan, Korea, and China. It belongs to the Anacardiaceae family and is renowned for its rich sap that contains urushiol, a highly allergenic substance. This tree is cultivated mainly for its valuable natural resin, commonly referred to as lacquer, which has been used for centuries in traditional Japanese lacquerware.
The Japanese Lacquer Tree typically reaches a height of 10 to 15 meters, with a dome-shaped crown and glossy, dark green leaves that turn vibrant red or orange during autumn. Its small, inconspicuous flowers appear in clusters during spring, eventually developing into small fruits that contain a single seed.
To extract the precious lacquer, a meticulous process is employed. Incisions are made on the bark of mature trees, and the highly flammable sap gradually seeps out and solidifies upon exposure to air. The collected resin is then refined and carefully mixed with pigments to produce a durable, waterproof, and remarkably glossy finish. This lacquer is traditionally used to adorn a wide range of items, including bowls, trays, furniture, and decorative objects.
While the Japanese Lacquer Tree is of immense cultural, historical, and economic significance, it is important to note that contact with any part of the tree can cause severe allergic reactions in many individuals due to the presence of urushiol.
