ISOMERY Meaning and
Definition
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Isomer is a term used in chemistry to describe compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in their structural arrangement. Isomerism is the concept that there can be multiple compounds with the same number and types of atoms, but with different connectivity or arrangement of atoms, resulting in different chemical and physical properties. Isomers can be categorized into various types, such as structural isomers, stereoisomers, and functional isomers.
Structural isomers are isomers that have different connectivity of atoms. For example, n-butane and isobutane are structural isomers since they have the same molecular formula, C4H10, but different structures. Stereoisomers, on the other hand, have the same connectivity but possess different spatial arrangements. These include enantiomers, diastereomers, and geometrical isomers which differ in their three-dimensional orientation or arrangement around a double bond or chiral center. Lastly, functional isomers have the same molecular formula, but they differ in the functional group present.
The concept of isomerism is crucial in understanding the behavior and properties of organic compounds, as isomers can exhibit different chemical reactivity, biological activity, and physical characteristics. The study of isomerism is vital for chemists to identify and differentiate between compounds with similar chemical formulas but distinct properties. Furthermore, it allows scientists to understand the structure-activity relationship of molecules and design compounds with specific properties or applications.
Etymology of ISOMERY
The word "isomery" is derived from the Greek roots "is-" meaning "equal" or "same", and "meros" meaning "part" or "portion". In chemistry, isomerism refers to the phenomenon where compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements or spatial orientations. Thus, the term "isomery" was formed to describe this concept.
