Ischemic heart disease is a medical condition that refers to a group of heart disorders caused by reduced blood supply to the heart muscle. It typically occurs when there is a partial or complete blockage of the coronary arteries, which are responsible for supplying oxygen-rich blood to the heart.
The main underlying cause of ischemic heart disease is atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the development of fatty deposits or plaque on the inner walls of the arteries. Over time, these plaques can narrow or completely obstruct the coronary arteries, leading to reduced blood flow and oxygen to the heart. This lack of blood supply deprives the heart muscle of the necessary nutrients and oxygen it requires to function properly.
Common symptoms of ischemic heart disease include chest pain or discomfort, known as angina, which may be triggered with physical exertion or emotional stress. In severe cases, a complete blockage of a coronary artery can lead to a heart attack or myocardial infarction, resulting in more intense chest pain, shortness of breath, and potential damage to the heart muscle.
Risk factors for developing ischemic heart disease include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, diabetes, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and a family history of the condition. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the disease and may include lifestyle modifications, medication therapy, and in some cases, surgical procedures such as angioplasty or bypass surgery to restore blood flow to the affected areas of the heart. Regular medical check-ups and preventive measures are crucial in managing and preventing the progression of ischemic heart disease.
