The correct spelling of the evergreen tree known as the Irish yew is /ˈaɪrɪʃ juː/. The first syllable is pronounced as "eye" followed by "rish" and the second syllable is pronounced as "yoo". The spelling of yew is self-explanatory, however, the pronunciation of Irish is often misunderstood. The correct pronunciation of Irish is not "I-rish" but rather "Eye-rish". Irish yew is a popular ornamental tree in gardens and landscapes due to its dark green needles and unique shape.
Irish yew refers to a specific cultivar of the yew tree known by the scientific name Taxus baccata 'Fastigiata'. It is a columnar variety native to Ireland, distinguished by its slender, upright growth habit and dark green foliage. The term "Irish" in its name primarily denotes its place of origin and cultivation, although it is now grown worldwide as an ornamental plant.
Irish yew is a coniferous evergreen tree that typically reaches a height of about 20 to 30 feet (6 to 9 meters) with a spread of about 6 to 10 feet (2 to 3 meters). Its bark is smooth and reddish-brown, and its long, needle-like leaves are a glossy dark green color. The leaves are arranged densely along the branches, giving the tree a dense and compact appearance.
This particular cultivar is highly valued in landscaping for its striking architectural form and ability to provide vertical interest in gardens. It is often used as a hedge or boundary planting, as well as in formal gardens, parks, and urban landscapes. Its upright nature and tight growth habit make it a useful choice for narrow spaces and to create a sense of height in the landscape.
While the Irish yew is known for its aesthetic appeal, it is important to note that all parts of the tree, except for the fleshy red aril, contain a toxic compound called taxine. This compound can be harmful if ingested, particularly to livestock and pets, so caution should be exercised when planting Irish yew where it may come in contact with grazing animals.
The etymology of the word "Irish yew" can be broken down as follows:
1. Irish: The term "Irish" refers to Ireland, the country where the Irish yew tree is native to. It is derived from the Old Irish word "Ériu" or "Erin", which in turn is believed to derive from the older Proto-Celtic word *Īwerjū. It is often used to denote anything related to or originating from Ireland.
2. Yew: The word "yew" comes from the Old English word "īw" or "īwē", which was derived from the Proto-Germanic word *īhwō. It refers to the yew tree, a coniferous tree of the genus Taxus, known for its dark green foliage and highly poisonous red berries.