The spelling of "Irish alphabet" is not difficult, but the pronunciation may give some people trouble. The word "Irish" is pronounced /ˈaɪrɪʃ/ using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The first syllable is stressed and is pronounced like the word "eye," while the second syllable is pronounced like the word "ish." The word "alphabet" is pronounced /ˈælfəbɛt/, with the stress on the first syllable and the last syllable pronounced like the word "bet." Together, the word is pronounced like "eye-rish al-fuh-bet."
The Irish alphabet refers to the set of characters used in writing the Irish language, known as the Irish script or the Gaelic script. It is an abugida, a type of writing system that combines elements of both alphabetic and syllabic systems. The Irish alphabet consists of 18 primary characters, each representing a consonant sound, with an additional 3 characters for vowels.
Unlike many other alphabets, the Irish alphabet does not make use of upper and lower case distinctions. All characters are written in a similar style, with slight variations indicating different phonetic values. Historically, the Irish alphabet has had some additional characters known as "letters of the Irish alphabet," but these are no longer in use today.
Within the Irish language, the alphabet is primarily used for personal names, place names, and words of Irish origin. The modern Irish alphabet has undergone simplification over time, with some letters merged or dropped altogether. Additionally, due to the influence of English, certain loanwords from English may be spelled using the English alphabet.
Overall, the Irish alphabet is a unique writing system specifically designed for the Irish language, maintaining a connection to the ancient Gaelic script while adapting to the needs of contemporary usage.
The term "Irish alphabet" primarily refers to the Old Irish alphabet, also known as the Ogham alphabet. Its name, "Ogham", derives from the Old Irish word "ogam", which may have originated from the Proto-Celtic term "ogmo-, ogmos", meaning "furrow" or "track". The word "alphabet" itself is derived from Late Latin "alphabetum", which comes from the Greek words "alpha" and "beta", the names of the first two letters of the Greek alphabet.