IRES Meaning and
Definition
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IRES, short for Internal Ribosome Entry Site, is a highly important molecular component found in certain RNA molecules that play a significant role in protein synthesis. It is a specific sequence or region within the mRNA (messenger RNA) molecule which allows the ribosome to initiate protein translation, even in situations where the ribosome encounters a cap-independent translation site.
In simpler terms, an IRES is a particular sequence of nucleotides within the RNA that guides the ribosome to begin the process of synthesizing proteins, bypassing the usual requirement of a 5' cap structure.
IRES sequences are predominantly found in viral RNA genomes such as those of picornaviruses and some retroviruses. They enable the viruses to control the cellular machinery and hijack the translation process to produce viral proteins. These sequences are also present in certain cellular mRNAs, taking part in vital regulatory mechanisms and alternative translation initiation pathways.
The discovery and understanding of IRES elements have provided crucial insights into the complex mechanisms of gene expression and protein synthesis. These regulatory elements have immense applications in various fields of molecular biology, including the development of efficient expression systems and the design of viral vectors for gene therapy.
Overall, IRES is a critical sequence within an RNA molecule that enables the synthesis of proteins by bypassing the traditional requirements for translation initiation, offering significant implications in both viral and cellular gene expression.
Common Misspellings for IRES
- 9res
- 8res
- i5res
- ir5es
- i4res
- ir4es
- ire4s
- ir3es
- ire3s
- irezs
Similar spelling words for IRES
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