INTRADERMAL TESTS Meaning and
Definition
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Intradermal tests are diagnostic tests that involve the injection of small amounts of antigens into the dermis, the second layer of the skin. These tests are commonly used in medical settings to determine a person's immune response to specific allergens or to diagnose certain infectious diseases.
The process of conducting an intradermal test begins with a healthcare professional introducing a small amount of the test substance just beneath the surface of the skin. The antigen is typically injected using a very fine needle, creating a small raised bump or wheal on the skin. The injection site is then monitored for any signs of a reaction.
The purpose of intradermal testing is to observe the body's immune response to the injected antigen. If an individual is allergic to a particular substance, such as pollen or dust mites, their immune system will react by triggering the release of specific antibodies called immunoglobulin E (IgE). This immune response can manifest as localized redness, swelling, or itching at the injection site.
Intradermal tests are commonly used to diagnose allergies, such as those to medications, foods, or environmental triggers. They are also utilized for tuberculosis screening, where small amounts of a tuberculosis protein are injected to check for a positive reaction. It is important to note that intradermal testing should be performed under medical supervision, as there is a slight risk of severe allergic reactions.
Overall, intradermal tests provide valuable information about a person's immune response to specific substances, aiding in the diagnosis and management of various conditions.
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Etymology of INTRADERMAL TESTS
The word "intradermal" is derived from two Latin roots: "intra" meaning "within" or "inside", and "dermis" meaning "skin". Therefore, "intradermal" literally means "within the skin".
The term "intradermal test" is used in the medical field to describe a diagnostic test that is administered within the dermis, or the layer of skin below the outer epidermis. It involves injecting a small amount of an allergen or other substance into the skin to determine sensitivity or reaction to that substance.
