Interoception refers to the internal sensing and perception of bodily sensations and physiological states. It is the ability to detect and interpret information originating from within the body, including sensations such as hunger, thirst, heart rate, breathing, temperature, and the awareness of one's own emotions and muscular movements.
This process involves neural pathways that transmit signals from various sensory receptors located inside the body to the central nervous system, allowing individuals to gather information about their internal states. Interoceptive signals are then processed and integrated by the brain, enabling individuals to have a subjective sense of their bodily condition and providing the foundation for self-awareness.
Interoception plays a crucial role in maintaining and regulating bodily functions by influencing behaviors and guiding decision-making processes. It has been linked to key aspects of physical, emotional, and mental well-being, and is closely associated with the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary bodily functions.
Disruptions in interoceptive processes have been implicated in various health conditions, including eating disorders, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorder, and chronic pain. Improving interoceptive awareness and enhancing interoceptive skills has been recognized as a potential therapeutic approach for individuals experiencing such difficulties.
Overall, interoception is the foundational process through which individuals gain insight into their internal bodily states, contributing to their understanding of self, emotional experiences, and overall well-being.
