INTERNAL FERTILIZATION Meaning and
Definition
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Internal fertilization is a reproductive process that occurs in certain animals and plants, in which fertilization of the egg by the sperm takes place inside the body of the female. This fertilization method typically involves the insertion of the male's reproductive organ, such as a penis or an ovipositor, into the female's reproductive tract. As a result, the sperm is directly delivered into the female's reproductive organs, ensuring direct contact between the sperm and the egg.
This process is distinct from external fertilization, which takes place outside the body of the female in the environment. Internal fertilization provides several advantages to the organisms that employ this strategy. Firstly, it reduces the chance of the gametes drying out, which could occur in dry or terrestrial environments. Secondly, it increases the likelihood of successful fertilization as the sperm are protected from predators and other external factors. Additionally, internal fertilization allows for better control of birthing and the development of offspring, as there is a higher degree of parental care and protection available.
Internal fertilization is primarily observed in mammals, birds, reptiles, some fish, and various invertebrates. However, it should be noted that the exact method and apparatus used for internal fertilization can vary across species. Understanding the mechanisms of internal fertilization is crucial for comprehending the diversity and intricacies of reproductive strategies within the animal and plant kingdom.
Etymology of INTERNAL FERTILIZATION
The word "internal" comes from the Latin word "internus", which means "on the inside" or "within". The word "fertilization" has its roots in the Latin word "fertilis", meaning "fruitful" or "fertile". The combination of these two words, "internal fertilization", refers to a reproductive process in which the union of sperm and egg occurs inside the body of the female organism.
