Inorganic mercury poisoning refers to the toxic effects caused by the buildup and accumulation of inorganic mercury in the body. It occurs when individuals are exposed to high concentrations of inorganic mercury compounds, such as mercuric chloride or mercuric sulfide, either through inhalation, ingestion, or dermal contact.
Depending on the route of exposure and the duration and intensity of contact, inorganic mercury poisoning can result in a wide range of symptoms and health problems. Acute poisoning may cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and respiratory difficulties. Neurological symptoms, including tremors, irritability, memory loss, and difficulty concentrating, may also be present.
Long-term exposure to inorganic mercury can lead to chronic poisoning, which affects the nervous system, kidneys, and other organs. It may result in neurological disorders, such as mercury-induced tremors or the development of psychotic symptoms. Renal impairment is another common consequence of chronic inorganic mercury poisoning, characterized by kidney dysfunction and proteinuria (the presence of excess protein in the urine).
Diagnosis of inorganic mercury poisoning typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests that assess mercury levels in blood, urine, or hair samples. Treatment may involve removal or reduction of the source of exposure, chelation therapy to enhance the elimination of mercury from the body, and supportive care to manage symptoms and complications.
Prevention of inorganic mercury poisoning primarily revolves around minimizing exposure to mercury-containing substances, such as certain industrial chemicals, consumer products, and contaminated food sources.
