Inoculative Lymphoreticulosis, also known as cat scratch disease or Bartonellosis, is a rare infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae. It primarily affects children, but can also be found in adults, and is typically transmitted through scratches or bites from infected cats, hence the name.
The incubation period of Inoculative Lymphoreticulosis ranges from 3 to 14 days, after which symptoms may begin to appear. The most common symptom is the formation of a blister or papule at the site of the scratch or bite, which may develop into a painful, swollen lesion known as an inoculation or primary lesion. Other symptoms can include fatigue, fever, headache, and swollen lymph nodes near the site of infection.
Diagnosis of Inoculative Lymphoreticulosis is often based on clinical symptoms and history of exposure to cats. Laboratory tests such as serology or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can help confirm the presence of Bartonella henselae in the patient. Additionally, imaging techniques like ultrasound or MRI may be used to evaluate lymph nodes or other affected organs.
Treatment for Inoculative Lymphoreticulosis typically involves the use of antibiotics, such as azithromycin or doxycycline, for a period of several weeks. Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs may also be prescribed to alleviate symptoms such as fever and discomfort.
While most cases of Inoculative Lymphoreticulosis are self-limiting and resolve on their own, severe or persistent infections may require more aggressive treatment or consultation from a specialist. Prevention measures include proper wound care, avoiding rough play with cats, and regular flea control for pets to minimize the risk of transmission.
