Inhibin beta subunits are a family of proteins that play a crucial role in regulating the production and secretion of hormones in the body, specifically in the female reproductive system.
Inhibin beta subunits are a part of a larger protein complex known as inhibin. This complex is made up of two subunits: alpha and beta. The beta subunits, which are the focus of this definition, come in two forms: inhibin beta A (INHBA) and inhibin beta B (INHBB). These subunits are encoded by different genes and have distinct functions within the body.
In the female reproductive system, inhibin beta subunits are primarily produced by the ovaries. They are involved in the control of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion from the pituitary gland. Specifically, inhibin beta A inhibits FSH secretion, while inhibin beta B has a lesser effect on FSH levels.
By inhibiting FSH secretion, inhibin beta subunits help to regulate the development and maturation of ovarian follicles. This process is essential for the production of mature eggs during the menstrual cycle.
Inhibin beta subunits are also involved in other physiological processes outside of the reproductive system. They have been found to play a role in regulating bone metabolism, immune responses, and certain types of cancer.
Overall, the inhibin beta subunits are integral in maintaining hormone balance within the body, particularly in the female reproductive system, where they help to regulate FSH secretion and promote normal ovarian function.
