Ingrown nail, also known as onychocryptosis, is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of a toenail, commonly affecting the big toe. It occurs when the nail curves and grows into the surrounding skin, causing pain, redness, swelling, and potentially leading to infection if left untreated.
The underlying causes of an ingrown nail can vary, but some common factors include improper nail cutting techniques, tight or ill-fitting shoes, trauma or injury to the toenail, hereditary factors, or nail abnormalities such as a naturally curved nail shape. Individuals with certain health conditions like diabetes or poor circulation are also more susceptible to the development of ingrown nails.
Symptoms of an ingrown nail typically include tenderness, pain, and swelling around the affected toe. The skin surrounding the nail may become red, warm to the touch, and may eventually show signs of infection if bacteria invade the area. In more severe cases, ingrown nails can lead to abscess formation, ulceration, and cause difficulty in walking or wearing shoes.
Treatment options for an ingrown nail range from self-care measures to medical interventions. Conservative approaches include soaking the affected toe in warm water, gently lifting the nail and placing a small cotton ball under the edge, and practicing proper nail trimming techniques. If infection or severe pain is present, medical attention may be required, which can include antibiotics, removal of a portion or the entire nail, or, in recurrent cases, a surgical procedure known as a partial or total nail avulsion.
To prevent the occurrence of ingrown nails, individuals are advised to wear properly fitted footwear, cut the nails straight across, avoid tight socks or hosiery, and maintain good foot hygiene. Regular foot care and promptly seeking medical attention for any signs of infection or discomfort can help
