An infrasonic wave, also known as an infrasound, refers to a type of sound wave with a frequency below the range of human hearing. Infrasonic waves typically have frequencies lower than 20 hertz (Hz), which is the lower limit of human auditory perception. These waves possess characteristics that distinguish them from audible sounds, such as their long wavelengths, significant energy levels, and ability to travel vast distances without significant attenuation.
Infrasonic waves are commonly produced by various natural phenomena and man-made sources. Natural sources include volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, thunderstorms, and ocean waves. Some animals, such as elephants and whales, also produce infrasound for communication purposes. On the other hand, human activities, such as explosions, aircraft engines, and large industrial machinery, contribute to the generation of man-made infrasound.
Due to their distinctive properties, infrasonic waves can be detected and measured using specialized instruments called infrasound monitors. These devices are equipped with sensitive microphones or seismometers, capable of capturing the low-frequency vibrations corresponding to infrasound waves. Scientists employ them to study natural phenomena, monitor volcanic and seismic activities, detect nuclear explosions, and even track animal movements.
Though humans cannot perceive infrasound audibly, it can still have effects on individuals. Prolonged exposure to infrasound can cause discomfort, dizziness, and even feelings of uneasiness. Additionally, infrasound can impact structures and buildings, leading to structural damage or even collapse if the amplitude and frequency are high enough.
In conclusion, infrasonic waves are low-frequency sound waves that lie below the audible range of human hearing. They have various natural and man-made sources, can travel over long distances, and require specialized instruments for their detection and measurement.
