Infectious abortion, also known as contagious abortion or abortion disease, is a significant reproductive health disorder primarily affecting animals, particularly cattle, sheep, goats, and horses. It is characterized by the loss of pregnancy or fetuses due to infections caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites.
Infectious abortion typically occurs when harmful pathogens invade the reproductive system of an animal, leading to fetal death, expulsion, or reabsorption. It can be transmitted through various means, such as direct contact with infected animals, ingestion of contaminated feed or water, or transmission from mother to fetus through the placenta.
The symptoms of infectious abortion may vary depending on the type of pathogen involved, but common signs include fetal deformities, placental abnormalities, uterine inflammation, vaginal discharge, and infertility. These symptoms might occur during any stage of gestation, often resulting in economic losses due to reduced reproductive efficiency and loss of valuable livestock.
Prevention and control of infectious abortion involve proper hygiene practices, quarantine protocols, regular vaccination programs, and maintaining a strict biosecurity system. The identification of the causative pathogen through laboratory tests can help in targeted treatment and management strategies.
It is essential to promptly address infectious abortion to prevent its spread to other animals and minimize economic losses in livestock farming. Veterinary professionals play a crucial role in diagnosing, treating, and preventing infectious abortions, thereby safeguarding animal welfare and maintaining the productivity of livestock herds.
