Pronunciation: [ɪn tˈɛmpəɹəns] (IPA) 
The word "in temperance" is spelled with two separate words, "in" and "temperance." The phonetic transcription for "in" is /ɪn/ and for "temperance" it is /ˈtɛmpərəns/. The stress is on the second syllable of "temperance." "In" is an English preposition meaning "inside" or "within," while "temperance" refers to moderation or self-restraint. Together, "in temperance" means a lack of self-restraint or moderation.
In temperance refers to the lack of self-control, moderation, or restraint in one's behaviors, actions, or habits, typically related to consuming substances such as food or drink. It involves indulging excessively or immoderately in such substances, pushing boundaries beyond what is considered socially acceptable or healthy. In temperance often entails an inability to resist urges or cravings, leading to overindulgence or addiction.
This term is commonly associated with the excessive consumption of alcohol, transforming an individual into an alcoholic. However, in temperance is not solely limited to excessive drinking, but can also encompass any form of excessive behavior, such as overeating, compulsive gambling, or substance abuse. It often results in adverse physical, mental, emotional, and social consequences.
The concept of in temperance has deep roots in philosophical and moral discussions, as it contrasts with the ideal of temperance, which emphasizes moderation and self-discipline. It is often seen as a vice or a character flaw, as it deviates from the principles of balance, moderation, and self-restraint that are considered virtues in many cultures.
In summary, in temperance is a state characterized by a lack of moderation or self-control, involving excessive indulgence in various activities, particularly those related to substance consumption. It is typically viewed as a negative quality that can lead to detrimental effects on an individual's wellbeing and life as a whole.
The word intemperance originated from the Latin word intemperantia, which is derived from the prefix in- meaning not or without, and the word temperantia meaning moderation or self-control. The Latin term passed into Old French as intemperance and eventually into Middle English, where it became in temperance.
