Illness anxiety disorder, formerly known as hypochondriasis or health anxiety, is a mental health condition characterized by excessive worry and fear about having a serious medical condition, despite little or no medical evidence to support the belief. This disorder involves an intense preoccupation with physical symptoms, often fearing that they indicate the presence of a severe illness or impending medical catastrophe.
Individuals with illness anxiety disorder frequently seek medical attention and may undergo multiple unnecessary tests or procedures in the pursuit of reassurance. Despite negative test results or medical reassurance from healthcare professionals, they remain convinced that their symptoms are indicative of a serious illness. The obsession with health concerns can significantly interfere with daily functioning, leading to distress, impaired relationships, and reduced quality of life.
Symptoms of illness anxiety disorder may manifest as excessive worry, preoccupation with bodily sensations, frequent doctor visits, anxiety related to health status, fear of developing a specific medical condition, and persistent checking of the body for signs of illness. The condition may be influenced by factors such as past illnesses or medical traumas, a family history of health anxiety, or a history of childhood abuse. Diagnosis of illness anxiety disorder is based on specific criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).
Treatment for illness anxiety disorder typically involves a combination of psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and medication, like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). By addressing the underlying fears and providing coping strategies, therapy aims to alleviate excessive worrying and promote a healthier relationship with health and the body.
