IHD stands for Ischemic Heart Disease. It is a medical condition characterized by reduced or impaired blood flow to the heart muscles, resulting from atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, or the formation of blood clots in the arteries that supply blood to the heart.
Ischemic Heart Disease occurs when there is a buildup of fatty deposits called plaques in the arteries, causing them to narrow and become less flexible. This reduces the amount of blood and oxygen that can reach the heart muscle. As a result, the heart may not receive enough oxygen-rich blood to function properly, leading to symptoms like chest discomfort or pain (angina), shortness of breath, and fatigue.
IHD is considered to be one of the leading causes of death globally, often manifesting as a heart attack or myocardial infarction. The risk factors for developing IHD include high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, diabetes, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and a family history of heart disease.
Treatment for IHD may involve lifestyle modifications, such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, regular physical activity, weight management, and smoking cessation. Medications like antiplatelet drugs, beta-blockers, and statins may also be prescribed to manage symptoms, reduce the risk of blood clots, control blood pressure, and lower cholesterol levels. In more severe cases, surgical interventions like angioplasty or coronary artery bypass grafting may be necessary to restore blood flow to the heart muscle. Regular monitoring and follow-up with a healthcare professional are crucial for individuals with IHD to manage the condition effectively and reduce the risk of complications.
