IFR, an abbreviation for Instrument Flight Rules, refers to a set of regulations and practices under which an aircraft is operated solely by reference to instruments in the cockpit. Unlike Visual Flight Rules (VFR), which rely on external visual cues for navigation and control, IFR allows pilots to fly in adverse weather conditions or low visibility environments by relying solely on their instruments.
In IFR flight, aircraft are equipped with various instruments, including attitude indicators, altimeters, heading indicators, and navigation receivers. Pilots primarily rely on these instruments to maintain situational awareness, control the aircraft's altitude and attitude, and navigate along a pre-determined flight plan or published instrument approach procedures.
IFR flights require pilots to file a flight plan with air traffic control (ATC) and obtain a clearance before departure. Throughout the flight, pilots are in continuous communication with ATC to receive instructions, such as altitude changes, heading adjustments, or deviations from their original flight plan. This coordination ensures the safe separation of aircraft and provides pilots with necessary guidance for navigation.
IFR flying is commonly practiced by commercial pilots operating larger passenger aircraft, as well as general aviation pilots who have undergone additional training and possess an Instrument Rating. The IFR system enables pilots to fly with a higher level of precision and safety, allowing for greater access to airports and routes regardless of weather conditions.
