Icteria is a medical term that refers to a condition characterized by yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and whites of the eyes, resulting from an excess of bilirubin in the bloodstream. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment formed by the breakdown of red blood cells. Icteria is commonly known as jaundice, which is more widely used.
When there is an excessive amount of bilirubin in the body, it can accumulate in various tissues, causing the yellowing or icteric appearance. This condition typically arises when there is a disruption in the normal processes of bilirubin metabolism or elimination. This can occur due to various factors, such as liver damage or dysfunction, blockage of the bile ducts, or an increased breakdown of red blood cells.
Icteria can also be accompanied by additional symptoms, such as pale stools, dark urine, fatigue, weakness, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite. The specific underlying cause of icteria needs to be determined through a comprehensive medical evaluation, including blood tests, imaging studies, and potentially a liver biopsy.
Treatment of icteria depends on its underlying cause. It may involve addressing the specific condition affecting the liver or bile ducts, such as administering medications to dissolve gallstones or treating liver infections. In certain cases, hospitalization may be necessary to provide supportive care and manage complications associated with severe icteria.
In summary, icteria, or jaundice, is a medical condition characterized by the yellowing of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes due to an excess of bilirubin in the bloodstream. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to identify and address the underlying cause of icteria.
