ICELISA refers to the Immunocapture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. It is a laboratory technique used to detect and measure the concentration of specific molecules, such as proteins or antibodies, in biological samples. The ICELISA combines the principles of immunocapture, enzymatic reactions, and spectrophotometric analysis.
In this assay, specific antibodies are first immobilized onto a solid surface, such as a microplate or a magnetic bead. These antibodies are selected to bind specifically to the target molecule of interest. The sample containing the target molecule is then added to the plate, allowing the immobilized antibody to capture the molecule. After a brief incubation to maximize binding, the plate is washed to remove any unbound components.
Next, an enzyme-conjugated secondary antibody is added to the plate. This secondary antibody recognizes and binds to a different epitope on the target molecule, allowing for the capture of the enzyme on the solid surface. After another washing step, a substrate specific to the enzyme is added. In the presence of the target molecule, the enzyme produces a detectable signal, usually a color change or fluorescent emission.
The signal intensity is directly proportional to the concentration of the target molecule in the original sample, and it can be quantified using a spectrophotometer or fluorescence reader. By comparing the signal obtained from a series of known standard concentrations, a standard curve can be generated, which allows researchers to accurately determine the concentration of the target molecule in unknown samples.
ICELISA is widely used in biomedical research, clinical diagnostics, and the development of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. It is valued for its high sensitivity, specificity, and the ability to measure both qualitative and quantitative data.
