HYPERPARATHYROIDISM Meaning and
Definition
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Hyperparathyroidism is a medical condition characterized by the overproduction of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid glands. Parathyroid glands are small, pea-sized glands located in the neck near the thyroid gland. The primary function of PTH is to regulate calcium levels in the blood. However, when an individual develops hyperparathyroidism, excessive PTH is produced, leading to an imbalance in calcium levels.
There are two main types of hyperparathyroidism: primary and secondary. Primary hyperparathyroidism occurs due to an abnormality in one or more of the parathyroid glands, resulting in the secretion of excessive PTH. This can be caused by a benign tumor in one of the glands or by hyperplasia of multiple glands. On the other hand, secondary hyperparathyroidism is usually the result of an underlying condition that causes low calcium levels, such as chronic kidney disease, leading to increased PTH secretion to compensate for the deficiency.
The symptoms of hyperparathyroidism can vary, but commonly include fatigue, weakness, bone pain, kidney stones, excessive thirst, frequent urination, and digestive issues. If left untreated, it can lead to complications such as osteoporosis, kidney damage, and cardiovascular diseases.
The diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism is confirmed through blood tests that measure calcium and PTH levels, as well as imaging techniques to localize the abnormal parathyroid gland. Treatment options depend on the severity and underlying cause but may include monitoring, medication, or surgical removal of the affected gland(s).
In summary, hyperparathyroidism is a condition characterized by the overproduction of parathyroid hormone, leading to an imbalance in calcium levels and potentially causing various symptoms and complications if not properly managed.
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A condition due to an increase in the secretion of the parathyroids.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
Common Misspellings for HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
- gyperparathyroidism
- byperparathyroidism
- nyperparathyroidism
- jyperparathyroidism
- uyperparathyroidism
- yyperparathyroidism
- htperparathyroidism
- hgperparathyroidism
- hhperparathyroidism
- huperparathyroidism
- h7perparathyroidism
- h6perparathyroidism
- hyoerparathyroidism
- hylerparathyroidism
- hy-erparathyroidism
- hy0erparathyroidism
- hypwrparathyroidism
- hypsrparathyroidism
- hypdrparathyroidism
- hyperparathyreoidism
- hyperparathyriodism
- hyperparathyroidsim
- hypoparathyroidim
- Hyerperparathyroidism
Etymology of HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
The word "hyperparathyroidism" is derived from the combination of three different terms: "hyper", "parathyroid", and "ism".
1. "Hyper" comes from the Greek word "huper" (ὑπέρ) meaning "over" or "excessive". In medical terminology, it denotes a state of excessive or abnormally high activity.
2. "Parathyroid" refers to the parathyroid glands, which are small endocrine glands located in the neck, near or attached to the thyroid glands. The term "parathyroid" is derived from the Greek "para-" (παρά), meaning "alongside" or "beside", and "thyroid" meaning "shield-shaped". These glands are called "parathyroids" because they are usually found in pairs, adjacent to or alongside the thyroid gland.
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