The spelling of the term "human shield" is quite straightforward. The first syllable is pronounced with a short "u" sound represented by the IPA symbol [ˈhjuːmən]. The second syllable is pronounced with a long "e" sound represented by the IPA symbol [ʃiːld]. The stress falls on the first syllable, with a rising intonation on the second syllable. The term refers to the use of innocent individuals as shields in conflicts, which has been a common tactic used throughout history.
Human shield refers to a tactical strategy or act of using innocent people, typically civilians, to protect oneself or others from harm or attack. It is a controversial and morally questionable practice employed by individuals, groups, or armed forces in armed conflicts or hostile situations.
The concept and implementation of a human shield involve deliberately placing individuals within the vicinity of a potential target, such as military installations, key infrastructure, or other high-value areas. This maneuver aims to deter an aggressor from attacking the desired target due to the risk of inflicting harm on innocent civilians. By placing vulnerable individuals between combatants or in proximity to a potential target, those employing this strategy exploit the moral dilemma and the natural inclination to avoid causing harm to non-combatants.
The use of human shields is considered a violation of international humanitarian law as it threatens the safety and lives of non-combatants, contravening the principle of distinction. This principle requires parties involved in armed conflicts to differentiate between military targets and civilians, granting them protection from harm. Utilizing human shields not only endangers innocent individuals but also undermines the principle of proportionality, which stipulates that the use of force must be commensurate to the military advantage sought.
The deployment of human shields elicits significant ethical debates and public outcry due to the serious infringement on human rights and the potential for irreversible consequences. International bodies, governments, and humanitarian organizations condemn and seek to prevent the use of human shields due to the immense risk it poses to civilians and the erosion of protections afforded by international conventions and human rights law.
The word "human shield" is composed of two parts: "human" and "shield".
The term "human" comes from the Latin word "humanus", which is derived from "homo" meaning "man". Over time, "humanus" evolved in various languages to refer to the characteristics and attributes of the human species.
The word "shield" has its roots in Old English, specifically from the word "scield" and its Germanic equivalent "skjald", both meaning a protective device or barrier used in combat to defend oneself from weapons.
The combination of these two words, "human shield", refers to a person or group used as protection or cover in dangerous situations, conflicts, or military operations.