Pronunciation: [ˌe͡ɪt͡ʃtˌiːˌɛlvˈiː ɪnfˈɛkʃən] (IPA) 
Correct spelling for the English word "HTLV Infection" is [ˌe͡ɪt͡ʃtˌiːˌɛlvˈiː ɪnfˈɛkʃən], [ˌeɪtʃtˌiːˌɛlvˈiː ɪnfˈɛkʃən], [ˌeɪ_tʃ_t_ˌiː__ˌɛ_l_v_ˈiː_ ɪ_n_f_ˈɛ_k_ʃ_ə_n] (IPA phonetic alphabet).
HTLV Infection, also known as Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus Infection, is a medical condition caused by the infection of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV). HTLV is a retrovirus that primarily infects T-cells, a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response of the body. There are two main types of HTLV: HTLV-1 and HTLV-2, with HTLV-1 being the most common and having more significant clinical implications.
HTLV Infection is typically transmitted through exposure to infected bodily fluids, primarily through sexual contact, sharing needles, and from mother to child during breastfeeding or childbirth. While most individuals infected with HTLV do not experience any symptoms and lead normal lives, a small percentage may develop serious medical conditions over time.
HTLV-1 infection has been linked to several disorders, including Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL), a rare and aggressive form of cancer affecting the immune system. It can also cause a progressive neurological disorder called HTLV-1-associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP), characterized by weakness, spasticity, and sensory disturbances in the lower limbs.
Detection of HTLV infection is primarily done through blood tests that detect specific antibodies or genetic material of the virus. There is currently no cure for HTLV infection, and treatment focuses on managing symptoms and complications. Prevention measures include practicing safe sex, avoiding sharing needles, and discouraging breastfeeding if the mother is known to be infected.
In summary, HTLV Infection refers to the condition resulting from infection with the human T-cell lymphotropic virus, primarily transmitted through sexual contact, sharing needles, or mother-to-child transmission. It can lead to various medical conditions, including cancer
The term "HTLV Infection" is derived from the initials of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV), combined with the word "infection".
The human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is a retrovirus that infects T-cells, a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system. HTLV was first identified in the 1970s, and there are several types of HTLV viruses, including HTLV-1 and HTLV-2.
The word "infection" comes from the Latin term "infectus", which means "stained" or "tainted". It refers to the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms (such as viruses, bacteria, or fungi) in a host organism, leading to illness or disease.
