HPV stands for Human Papillomavirus. It is a group of more than 150 related viruses, some of which can be transmitted through sexual contact. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection globally, affecting both males and females.
HPV infections can cause a variety of health issues, including genital warts and various types of cancers. Among the cancers caused by HPV, cervical cancer is the most common. Other types of cancer that can be caused by HPV include vulvar, vaginal, penile, anal, and oropharyngeal (throat) cancer.
The primary mode of transmission for HPV is through vaginal, anal, or oral sex, as well as through any form of genital contact, even without penetration. In most cases, HPV infections occur without any symptoms, making it easy to unknowingly transmit the virus to others.
Prevention measures for HPV include practicing safe sex by using condoms, limiting sexual partners, and getting vaccinated with the HPV vaccine. Routine vaccination is recommended for both females and males, ideally before they become sexually active or exposed to the virus. The HPV vaccine provides protection against the most common types of the virus that cause cervical cancer and genital warts. Regular screening, such as Pap tests for females, is vital for early detection of any potential HPV-related health issues.
