How come is a phrase used to ask why or how something has happened. The spelling of how come is phonetically transcribed as /ˈhaʊ kʌm/. The word how is pronounced as /haʊ/ according to its spelling, while the pronunciation of come is phonetically transcribed as /kʌm/. The word come is spelled using the letter o but is pronounced as /ʌ/ due to English spelling irregularities. Despite the unusual spelling, how come is widely used in English and understood by native speakers.
"How come" is an idiomatic expression used in informal speech, typically in casual conversations, to inquire about or express surprise or confusion regarding a particular situation, event, or circumstance. It is often used to seek an explanation or reason for something that may seem unexpected or does not align with one's expectations.
The phrase "how come" is primarily used in interrogative sentences to ask why or how a certain thing has happened or come to be. It seeks clarification or justification for a given situation, seeking an explanation or reason that may not be immediately apparent. It is frequently used in place of the more formal "why." For example, one might ask, "How come the train is late today?" or "How come you didn't attend the event?"
The term is comprised of the adverb "how" and the verb "come" used in the sense of "occur, happen, or arise." It is believed to have originated as a shortened form of the longer phrase, "how did it come about," and has become a common colloquialism in everyday speech.
As it is an informal expression, "how come" is typically used in relaxed or casual contexts, such as among friends, family, or acquaintances. It may be considered inappropriate or overly familiar in more formal or professional settings.
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The phrase "how come" is an idiomatic expression commonly used to inquire or express surprise about a specific situation or outcome. The etymology of "how come" is relatively straightforward.
The phrase evolved from the Middle English term "how come ye?" This usage can be traced back to the late 15th century, where "how" meant "in what way" and "come" meant "become". Consequently, the phrase "how come ye?" essentially meant "in what manner have you become (like this)?" or "how did this situation come about?"
Over time, the phrase was shortened to simply "how come" in order to express the same notion of questioning the cause or reason behind something. The shortened form gained popularity and usage in American English during the mid-19th century and has remained a common expression ever since.