HORMONES Meaning and
Definition
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Hormones are chemical substances that are produced and released by various glands in the body. These glands, known as endocrine glands, are responsible for regulating and controlling a wide range of bodily functions. Hormones act as messengers in the body, transmitting signals and instructions to different organs and tissues.
Hormones are typically secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body to reach their target cells. Once they reach their target cells, hormones bind to specific receptors and initiate a response or action. This can include stimulating or inhibiting the production of other hormones, promoting or suppressing certain physiological processes, and influencing growth and development.
There are several different types of hormones, each with its own specific function and effect on the body. These include steroid hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, which are synthesized from cholesterol and are involved in processes like sexual development and reproduction. Peptide hormones, like insulin and growth hormone, are made up of amino acids and are crucial for metabolism and growth. Other types include thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, and adrenaline, which is involved in the body's response to stress.
Imbalances or deficiencies in hormone levels can lead to various health conditions, such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and hormonal imbalances. Hormonal therapy and medications may be used to correct these imbalances and restore normal functioning.
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Etymology of HORMONES
The word "hormone" comes from the Greek word "hormon", which means "I arouse" or "I set in motion". It was first coined by the English physiologist Ernest Starling in 1905. The term was used to describe chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands that are responsible for regulating various bodily functions.
Similar spelling words for HORMONES
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