HOMEO BOX GENE Meaning and
Definition
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A homeo box gene, also known as a homeobox gene, refers to a type of gene that plays a significant role in embryonic development by regulating the formation and patterning of body structures in various organisms. These genes encode proteins called transcription factors that bind to specific DNA sequences and control the expression of other genes.
The term "homeo box" refers to a characteristic DNA sequence found within these genes, which is highly conserved across different species. This sequence is approximately 180 base pairs long and consists of three regions called the recognition helix, the linker, and the homeodomain. The homeodomain region is particularly important as it is responsible for protein-DNA interactions, allowing the transcription factor to bind to specific target genes and regulate their expression.
Homeo box genes are organized into distinct families, the most well-known being the Hox gene family, first discovered in fruit flies. Hox genes control the arrangement and development of body segments along the head-to-tail axis in animals. Mutations or dysregulation of homeo box genes can lead to severe developmental abnormalities, including the transformation of one body part into another or the complete absence of certain structures.
The discovery of homeo box genes and their critical role in embryonic development has provided valuable insights into evolutionary biology, as well as the understanding of genetic diseases and birth defects.
Common Misspellings for HOMEO BOX GENE
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