Home Parenteral Nutrition (HPN), also known as Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) at home, is a specialized medical treatment that involves the administration of nutrients directly into the bloodstream via an intravenous route. It is prescribed for individuals who have a compromised or non-functioning gastrointestinal (GI) tract, preventing them from consuming and absorbing nutrients orally.
HPN is typically used in cases where the patient suffers from severe malabsorption, bowel obstruction, intestinal failure, or other medical conditions that hinder the proper absorption of nutrients from food. This treatment approach provides the necessary macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) as well as essential micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), ensuring that the patient's nutritional needs are met.
The administration of HPN is carried out by a trained healthcare professional, usually a nurse, in a clinical setting to initiate the treatment. However, it is then transitioned to the patient's home setting, empowering them with more independence and reducing hospital stays.
HPN involves the use of a central venous catheter, which is inserted into a major blood vessel for the delivery of nutrients. This catheter is usually placed in the chest or upper arm. The treatment is carefully monitored, with regular check-ups to prevent complications such as infections or catheter-related issues.
The goal of HPN is to improve the patient's nutritional status, promote recovery, and enhance overall quality of life. It enables patients who would otherwise struggle with malnutrition and complications from nutrient deficiencies to receive the necessary sustenance for their bodies to function optimally.
