HLA Meaning and
Definition
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HLA, short for Human Leukocyte Antigen, refers to a system of proteins found on the surface of cells in the human body. These proteins play a vital role in the immune system by identifying the body's own cells and distinguishing them from foreign substances or cells, such as bacteria or viruses. The primary function of HLA molecules is to present fragments of proteins, known as antigens, to immune cells called T cells. This process allows the immune system to recognize and respond to harmful foreign invaders.
HLA molecules are highly polymorphic, meaning they are characterized by a wide range of genetic variations and individual diversity. The specific combination and variation of HLA proteins in each person determine their unique HLA type or HLA profile. Due to the diversity of HLA molecules, they contribute to the success and efficacy of transplantation, as compatibility between donor and recipient HLA types is crucial to ensure a successful organ or tissue transplant.
In addition to their role in transplantation, HLA proteins are also involved in autoimmune diseases, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues. HLA genes have been linked to susceptibility and predisposition to various diseases, including autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and celiac disease. Overall, HLA plays a crucial role in immune recognition, transplantation, and disease susceptibility.
Common Misspellings for HLA
