HIPPOCAMPAL MOSSY FIBERS Meaning and
Definition
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Hippocampal mossy fibers are neural pathways found in the brain's hippocampus, which is a crucial region involved in learning, memory, and spatial navigation. These fibers originate from a group of neurons called granule cells that reside in the dentate gyrus, a subregion of the hippocampus.
Mossy fibers receive input from the entorhinal cortex, which serves as a primary gateway for sensory information entering the hippocampus. The entorhinal cortex processes various sensory signals from different areas of the brain and relays them to the granule cells through the mossy fibers.
These fibers then transmit the processed information from the dentate gyrus to another region of the hippocampus called the CA3 region, forming the main communication pathway within the hippocampus.
The name "mossy fibers" is derived from their appearance under a microscope, as they have a moss-like appearance with thick protrusions called boutons. These boutons contain synaptic connections with the CA3 region's pyramidal neurons, allowing mossy fibers to transmit electrical signals and facilitate communication between different areas of the hippocampus.
Hippocampal mossy fibers play a crucial role in the formation and storage of memories, as well as pattern separation and the ability to distinguish between similar memories. Dysfunction or damage to these fibers can lead to memory impairments and cognitive deficits, which are often seen in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy.
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