HENRI BERGSON Meaning and
Definition
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Henri Bergson (1859-1941) was a prominent French philosopher and Nobel laureate who made significant contributions to the field of metaphysics and philosophy of time. Known for his innovative theories on consciousness and duration, Bergson's ideas had a profound influence on existentialism, phenomenology, and the philosophy of mind.
Bergson's philosophy can be best understood through his concept of "duration." According to Bergson, duration refers to the continuous flow of subjective, lived experience that cannot be segmented into discrete moments or units of time. He argued that our perception of time is not based on measurable units but rather on our intuitive awareness of the ever-changing quality of existence. Bergson believed that we must engage with this temporality to truly understand reality.
Central to Bergson's philosophy is the distinction between "clock time" and "lived time." Clock time is the linear, homogeneous time measured by clocks, while lived time is the individual's direct experience of the present moment. He argued that intellect and reason, which are bound by clock time, cannot fully comprehend the richness and complexity of lived time.
Bergson's ideas were particularly influential in the early 20th century, challenging the dominant notions of time in philosophy and psychology. His work had a profound impact on thinkers such as Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Henri Bergson's contributions to philosophy continue to be celebrated for their exploration of the nature of consciousness, time, and the human experience.
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