A Hazel hen refers to a medium-sized, ground-dwelling bird species commonly found in Europe, specifically in the hazel woodland habitats. Scientifically known as Tetrastes bonasia, this bird is also commonly referred to as the Western capercaillie. The Hazel hen is recognized for its distinct appearance, which includes a short, rounded tail, dark coloring, and a relatively small size compared to other galliform birds.
Physically, the hazel hen measures approximately 38 to 42 centimeters in length and weighs around 550 to 1,100 grams, with males being slightly larger than females. Its plumage showcases a mix of dark gray, brown, and black feathers, specifically in its upper body, while the underparts exhibit a lighter tone. Furthermore, the males are often recognized by their bright red stripe above their eyes and orange eyebrows, which contribute to their overall attractive appearance during the breeding season.
Primarily, the hazel hen is a herbivorous bird that feeds on various plant materials such as buds, leaves, berries, and seeds. It typically forages on the ground, scratching away leaf litter with its powerful legs and feet to access its preferred food sources. As a ground-dwelling species, the hazel hen heavily relies on its remarkable camouflage abilities to blend with its surroundings and avoid predators.
Due to habitat loss and hunting activities, the hazel hen's population has experienced decline in recent years, leading to conservation efforts to protect this species across its natural range.
