Hashish is a drug derived from the dried resin of the cannabis plant. The word "hashish" is spelled phonetically as /həˈʃiːʃ/ in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It is pronounced as "huh-sheesh" with stress on the first syllable. The spelling includes the "h" and "s" indicating the sounds they represent in English, while the "a" and "i" make an "uh" sound and a long "ee" sound, respectively. The final "sh" is denoted with the letters "sh" as in "sheep."
Hashish is a psychoactive substance derived from the resinous trichomes of the cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica). It is commonly consumed for its mind-altering and intoxicating effects. Hashish is typically obtained by collecting and pressing the sticky resin glands (trichomes) that contain concentrated amounts of cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principal psychoactive compound responsible for the plant's effects.
The appearance of hashish varies depending on the production method, but it is most commonly found in the form of a dark brown, sticky or crumbly solid substance. It may have a distinct aroma with hints of earthiness, muskiness, or a sweet fragrance, depending on the strain of cannabis used.
When consumed, hashish can induce a range of effects, including a sense of euphoria, relaxation, increased sensory perception, and altered time perception. Like other forms of cannabis, hashish affects the brain by binding to specific receptors in the central nervous system, causing the release of neurotransmitters that elicit its psychological and physiological effects.
Due to its potency, hashish is often smoked, vaporized, or added to food and beverages for ingestion. It is important to note that the production, distribution, and consumption of hashish may be regulated or restricted in many regions due to its psychoactive nature and legality concerns.
The word "hashish" is derived from the Arabic word "hashshashin" (حشاشين), which means "those who indulge in hashish". The term originally referred to the members of the medieval Nizari Ismaili sect, who were known for their alleged use of hashish during their assassinations. Over time, the term "hashish" began to specifically refer to the cannabis resin or "hash" that was consumed by these individuals. From Arabic, the word spread to various languages, including English, and became commonly used to refer to the concentrated form of cannabis.