The spelling of the phrase "hard evidence" is phonetically transcribed as /hɑrd ˈɛvɪdəns/. The first syllable "hard" is pronounced with a voiceless velar plosive /h/ followed by the vowel sound /ɑ/. The second syllable "evi" is pronounced with a short vowel sound /ɛ/ followed by a voiced alveolar stop /d/ and the last syllable "dence" ends with a voiced alveolar nasal /n/ and a voiceless sibilant /s/. Thus, the correct pronunciation of "hard evidence" can easily be understood through its phonetic transcription.
Hard evidence refers to factual, concrete, or substantial proof that supports a claim, statement, or argument. It is important in the context of investigations, trials, research, or any situation where objective and verifiable facts are sought to establish the truth or validity of a proposition. Unlike circumstantial or anecdotal evidence, hard evidence includes information that is directly related to the issue at hand and is derived from reliable sources or credible witnesses.
This type of evidence often takes the form of tangible objects, documents, scientific data, forensic analysis, video recordings, photographs, or eyewitness testimonies that can be objectively evaluated and tested. Hard evidence establishes a high level of certainty, as it is often backed by scientific principles, logical reasoning, or established methodologies.
Furthermore, hard evidence is distinguished by its ability to withstand scrutiny, challenges, or cross-examination, as it is crucial for uncovering the truth, resolving disputes, or reaching accurate conclusions. It serves as a backbone in legal proceedings, scientific research, and investigative reports, providing undeniable facts that can establish guilt or innocence, confirm or debunk theories, and substantiate or refute claims.
In summary, hard evidence is compelling, factual information or data that offers undeniable support for a particular proposition, claim, or argument. Its reliability, verifiability, and objectivity make it crucial in various fields, ensuring credibility, accountability, and accurate decision-making.
The etymology of the phrase "hard evidence" can be traced back to the Middle English period. The word "hard" in this context is derived from the Old English word "heard", which means solid, rigid, or strong. Over time, "heard" evolved into "hard" with a similar meaning.
The word "evidence" has Latin origins, stemming from the verb "evidere", meaning "to show clearly" or "to make evident". In Latin, "evidentia" referred to a clear manifestation or display of truth.
Combining these elements, the phrase "hard evidence" emerged in English, emphasizing the idea of strong or solid proof that is evident and indisputable. It is often used to describe conclusive or compelling evidence that cannot be easily disregarded or contradicted.